Mental health challenges during pregnancy: Role of nurses in early identification

Abstract

Mental health during pregnancy is a critical yet often neglected aspect of maternal healthcare. The antenatal period is characterized by significant biological, psychological, and social changes that increase the vulnerability of women to mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. These conditions not only affect maternal well-being but also have serious implications for fetal development, birth outcomes, and long-term child health. Early identification of mental health challenges is essential to prevent complications and ensure timely intervention. Nurses, as primary healthcare providers in antenatal settings, play a pivotal role in recognizing early signs and symptoms of psychological distress through observation, screening, and patient interaction. Their responsibilities include conducting routine assessments, providing emotional support, educating patients, and facilitating referrals to specialized care. However, barriers such as stigma, lack of training, limited resources, and time constraints often hinder effective identification and management. This article explores the common mental health challenges faced during pregnancy and emphasizes the crucial role of nurses in early detection and intervention. Strengthening nursing competencies and integrating mental health screening into routine antenatal care can significantly improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.