Knowledge Regarding Palliative Care Among Staff Nurses Working in Oncology Units

Abstract

Palliative care represents a critical and often underappreciated dimension of oncology nursing, aiming to improve the quality of life of patients diagnosed with life-threatening conditions, particularly cancer. Recognised by the World Health Organization as an essential element of comprehensive healthcare, palliative care encompasses physical, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of patient care and support. Staff nurses working in oncology units occupy a frontline position in delivering such care, yet studies consistently reveal significant gaps in their knowledge, skills, and training. This review article explores the concept and principles of palliative care, the specific roles of oncology nurses, barriers to effective care delivery, and the importance of structured education and training. The paper synthesises an extensive body of literature to identify key challenges and recommend evidence-based strategies for improving palliative care competency among oncology nurses. The findings underline that structured education programmes, mentorship, and institutional support are vital for closing knowledge gaps and ensuring compassionate, dignified end-of-life care. Furthermore, this review highlights the significant disparities in palliative care provision globally, with particular attention to the situation in low- and middle-income countries such as India, where the burden of cancer-related mortality is disproportionately high and palliative care infrastructure remains underdeveloped. The review concludes with a comprehensive set of evidence-based recommendations for nurse educators, clinical leaders, and policymakers committed to advancing palliative care nursing practice.